Central Banks More Aggressively Reducing US Dollar Exposure In Their Reserve Portfolios

“Global central banks are getting more serious about diversification, whereas in the past they used to just talk about it,” said Steven Englander, a former Federal Reserve researcher who is now the chief U.S. currency strategist at Barclays in New York. “It looks like they are really backing away from the dollar.”

If The Independent and Robert Fisk can be dismissed as the tabloid fringe by the mainstream media and those desperately clinging to status quo, here is a piece on the diminishing dollar from the radical paparazzi known as Bloomberg news.

Currencies can have significant volatility even within long term trends, due to short squeezes and official intervention. Forex trading is for professionals only, as most amateurs become fooled by the leverage and the opacity of the market's positional dynamics, ie. they don't know who the patsy is at the table.

That being said, there is an interesting aspect to the currant position of the dollar as the long time, but fading,world's reserve currency known as The Prisoner's Dilemma.

In a situation such as this, the country which quietly sheds dollars first takes a lesser loss on their reserves than those who hold, but also risks punishment by the US and the G7 for deviating from the consensus of central banks and their financial engineers.

This is further complicated by the entanglement of some exporting countries in their own mercantilist support for large dollar surpluses. This requires a replacement for the dollar to be phased in slowly, and to gain support amongst non-US trading partners of the major exporting countries. The matter of the petrodollar is also an important aspect, but can probably wait until the move out of the dollar is well underway.

Is there anyone buying US dollar Agency Debt these days besides the Fed? It used to be a favorite among the Central Banks, but was dumped them in an amazingly short period of time once the perception of risk changed around the world. Almost overnight in Central Bank time.

As we pointed out several times previously, the SDR, which is a basket of currencies, is a logical replacement for the US dollar reserve. It is rebalanced in its composition every five years, and the next remix is going to occur in 2010.

If the equity market breaks and the US dollar carry trade reverses, the dollar may catch a sharp rally, which will bring the strong dollar crowd, especially deflationists, out of their funk and kicking their heels in "mission accomplished" mode. The celebration is most likely to be, once again, a kind of a 'false Spring' that merely serves to draw them deeper into losses, and ultimately over a cliff.

This sort of historic change always starts slowly, first a trickle, then a trend, but thereafter can quickly become a torrent.

Bloomberg
Dollar Reaches Breaking Point as Banks Shift Reserves
By Ye Xie and Anchalee Worrachate
October 12, 2009 00:40 EDT

Oct. 12 (Bloomberg) -- Central banks flush with record reserves are increasingly snubbing dollars in favor of euros and yen, further pressuring the greenback after its biggest two- quarter rout in almost two decades.

Policy makers boosted foreign currency holdings by $413 billion last quarter, the most since at least 2003, to $7.3 trillion, according to data compiled by Bloomberg. Nations reporting currency breakdowns put 63 percent of the new cash into euros and yen in April, May and June, the latest Barclays Capital data show. That’s the highest percentage in any quarter with more than an $80 billion increase.

World leaders are acting on threats to dump the dollar while the Obama administration shows a willingness to tolerate a weaker currency in an effort to boost exports and the economy as long as it doesn’t drive away the nation’s creditors. The diversification signals that the currency won’t rebound anytime soon after losing 10.3 percent on a trade-weighted basis the past six months, the biggest drop since 1991.

“Global central banks are getting more serious about diversification, whereas in the past they used to just talk about it,” said Steven Englander, a former Federal Reserve researcher who is now the chief U.S. currency strategist at Barclays in New York. “It looks like they are really backing away from the dollar.”

Sliding Share

The dollar’s 37 percent share of new reserves fell from about a 63 percent average since 1999. Englander concluded in a report that the trend “accelerated” in the third quarter. He said in an interview that “for the next couple of months, the forces are still in place” for continued diversification.

America’s currency has been under siege as the Treasury sells a record amount of debt to finance a budget deficit that totaled $1.4 trillion in fiscal 2009 ended Sept. 30.

Intercontinental Exchange Inc.’s Dollar Index, which tracks the currency’s performance against the euro, yen, pound, Canadian dollar, Swiss franc and Swedish krona, fell to 75.77 last week, the lowest level since August 2008 and down from the high this year of 89.624 on March 4. The index, trading at 76.489 today, is within six points of its record low reached in March 2008.

Foreign companies and officials are starting to say their economies are getting hurt because of the dollar’s weakness...

Dollar’s Weighting

Developing countries have likely sold about $30 billion for euros, yen and other currencies each month since March, according to strategists at Bank of America-Merrill Lynch.

That helped reduce the dollar’s weight at central banks that report currency holdings to 62.8 percent as of June 30, the lowest on record, the latest International Monetary Fund data show. The quarter’s 2.2 percentage point decline was the biggest since falling 2.5 percentage points to 69.1 percent in the period ended June 30, 2002.

“The diversification out of the dollar will accelerate,” said Fabrizio Fiorini, a money manager who helps oversee $12 billion at Aletti Gestielle SGR SpA in Milan. “People are buying the euro not because they want that currency, but because they want to get rid of the dollar. In the long run, the U.S. will not be the same powerful country that it once was.”

Central banks’ moves away from the dollar are a temporary trend that will reverse once the Fed starts raising interest rates from near zero, according to Christoph Kind, who helps manage $20 billion as head of asset allocation at Frankfurt Trust in Germany.

‘Flush’ With Dollars

“The world is currently flush with the U.S. dollar, which is available at no cost,” Kind said. “If there’s a turnaround in U.S. monetary policy, there will be a change of perception about the dollar as a reserve currency. The diversification has more to do with reduction of concentration risks rather than a dim view of the U.S. or its currency...”


Dollar Forecasts

The median estimate of more than 40 economists and strategists is for the dollar to end the year little changed at $1.47 per euro, and appreciate to 92 yen from 90.13 today.

Englander at London-based Barclays, the world’s third- largest foreign-exchange trader, predicts the U.S. currency will weaken 3.3 percent against the euro to $1.52 in three months. He advised in March, when the dollar peaked this year, to sell the currency. Standard Chartered, the most accurate dollar-euro forecaster in Bloomberg surveys for the six quarters that ended June 30, sees the greenback declining to $1.55 by year-end.

The dollar’s reduced share of new reserves is also a reflection of U.S. assets’ lagging performance as the country struggles to recover from the worst recession since World War II...

“The world is changing, and the dollar is losing its status,” said Aletti Gestielle’s Fiorini. “If you have a 5- year or 10-year view about the dollar, it should be for a weaker currency.”

To contact the reporters on this story: Ye Xie in New York at yxie6@bloomberg.net; Anchalee Worrachate in London at aworrachate@bloomberg.net

Crash 0f 2007 and Retracement From the Top

The US Equity Market Decline from the October 2007 Top on a Percentage Basis with Fibonacci Retracements.



The SP 500 Decline from the October 2007 Top Deflated by Gold in $US, with Fibonacci Retracements from the Point of Secondary Breakdown.

The Speculative Bubble in Equities and the Case for Deflation, Stagflation and Implosion

As part of their program of 'quantitative easing' which is another name for currency devaluation through extraordinary expansion of the monetary base, the Fed has very obviously created an inflationary bubble in the US equity market.



Why has this happened? Because with a monetary expansion intended to help cure an credit bubble crisis that is not accompanied by significant financial market reform, systemic rebalancing, and government programs to cure and correct past abuses of the productive economy through financial engineering, the hot money given by the Fed and Treasury to the banking system will NOT flow into the real economy, but instead will seek high beta returns in financial assets.



Why lend to the real economy when one can achieve guaranteed returns from the Fed, and much greater returns in the speculative markets if one has the right 'connections?'



The monetary stimulus of the Fed and the Treasury to help the economy is similar to relief aid sent to a suffering Third World country. It is intercepted and seized by a despotic regime and allocated to its local warlords, with very little going to help the people.



Deflation

By far this presents the most compelling case for a deflationary episode. As the money that is created flows into financial assets, it is 'taxed' by Wall Street which takes a disproportionately large share in the form of fees and bonuses, and what are likely to be extra-legal trading profits.

If the monetary stimulus is subsequently dissipated as the asset bubble collapses, except that which remains in the hands of the few, it leaves the real economy in a relatively poorer condition to produce real savings and wealth than it had been before. This is because the outsized financial sector continues to sap the vitality from the productive economy, to drag it down, to drain it of needed attention and policy focus.

At the heart of it, quantitative easing that is not part of an overall program to reform, regulate, and renew the system to change and correct the elements that caused the crisis in the first place, is nothing more than a Ponzi scheme. The optimal time to reform the system was with the collapse of LTCM, and prior to the final repeal of Glass-Steagall, and the raging FIRE sector creating serial bubbles.

Stagflation

These injections of monetary stimulus to maintain a false equilibrium is in reality creating an increasingly unsustainable and unstable monetary disequilibrium within the productive economy. As the real economy contracts, the amount of money supply that the economy can sustain without triggering a monetary inflation decreases, and in a nonlinear manner. This is because the money multiplier does not 'work' the same in reverse, owing to the ability of private individuals and corporations to default on debt.

Ironically, with each iteration of this stimulus and seizure of wealth, the dollar becomes progressively weaker because there is a smaller productive economy to support it, even if there are less dollars, despite the nominal gains in GDP which are an accounting illusion. This has been further enabled by the dollar's status as reserve currency backed by nothing since 1971, which has created an enormous overhang of dollars in the hands of other nations.

One cannot have a sustained economy recovery in which the real median wage and domestic employment are stagnant or declining, and Personal Income is declining, as wealth is being increasingly concentrated in corporations and the upper 2% of the population.



This is why stagflation, rather than hyperinflation or a sustained monetary deflation with a stronger dollar, is most likely. There will be a mix of falling and rising prices, depending on the elasticity and source (imported content) of the products, with a wildly staggering dollar that could destabilize other parts of the world, and pernicious underemployment and growing civil unrest domestically.

Those who have taken a huge share of the last three bubbles would like to stop the bubble now, keep their gains, and return to a system of fiscal restraint with light taxation on their windfall of assets.



So why does this not just simply happen? Because the political risks become enormous. It is difficult to reduce a population of free men into debt slaves, without risking a significant reaction. Therefore, it seems most likely that the government and the Fed will try to 'muddle through' for the time being, and look for an exogenous event to break the stalemate.



The traditional solution has been a military conflict, which stifles dissent against the government while generating artificial demand sufficient to energize the productive economy. It is a means of exporting your social misery, official corruption, and fiscal irresponsibility to another, weaker people.

Implosion

One only has to look at the "German miracle" of the 1930's to see this progression from artificial stimulus, to domestic seizure of assets, to scapegoating and aggressive wars of acquisition, as described above. But this progress out of economic depression had made Hitler and Mussolini the darlings of Wall Street and the international financiers. Indeed, Time Magazine had even named Hitler their "Man of the Year" for this economic miracle, even though it was a fraudulent house of cards.



If the Fed continues to apply monetary stimulus and subsidy into this system, without a significant reform, the dollar will eventually "break" and the real economy will temporarily collapse. This will result in the mother of all stagflation, with a hyperinflationary edge to it, and a breakdown in the electoral process, the rise of demagogues, and soaring interest rates.

At this point the cure will not be a monetary stimulus, but more like a surgery to remove a life-threatening cancer, fraught with risk and a significant challenge to the continuing governance of the US not seen since the 1860's.

Conclusion

As you know, our own judgement on this is that we will go through a cycle of demand deflation, which we are in now, and then most likely a pernicious stagflation which may see some episodes that will be remniscent of the inflation of the 1970's. A persistent deflation with a stronger dollar, as well as hyperinflation, seem to be outliers that are dependent on exogenous factors.

If the world dumped its dollars tomorrow, we would see a US hyperinflation. If the Fed raised short term rates to 20 percent tomorrow under duress we would see a ture monetary deflation. As a reminder, in a purely fiat currency regime with an absence of external standards, the question of iflation and deflation is a policy decision. The limiting factor is the latitude with which that policy decision can be made.

The most probable path is a lingering death for the dollar over the next ten years, with a produtive economy that continues to stagger forward under the rule of the financial oligarchs.

See Money Supply: A Primer and Price Demand and Money Supply As They Relate to Inflation and Deflation. You might also take a look at Some Common Fallacies About Inflation and Deflation and Gold: Until the Banks Are Restrained and Balance Is Restored. And finally, if you intend to trade and invest in these markets, you really ought to take a look at A Priori Vs. Empirical Reasoning and Practical Decision-Making.