Feldstein: Worry About the Dollar, Not the Euro: Keep an Eye on Sterling

Here is Marty Feldstein's view of the economic fundamentals in the euro and dollar portion of the forex markets.

Fundamentals mean little in the short term for trading purposes, at least in my own judgement. However, it does look as though the euro/dollar cross is a bit overdone. If that is correct, then it is likely that this correction in the precious metals should be almost done as well. But we will have to see what happens. The markets are shallow and edgy, almost wobbly. In a liquidation everything gets sold on the short term. Selling and buying on the margins makes price, no matter what size the market. Such it is with most auction markets disconnected from rational valuation.

On the fundamentals, however, Feldstein makes some good points. The problem with Europe is that it is sitting on the fence with its union, and the Greek debt crisis merely highlights their weakness which are largely structural. What is the EU likely to become.

As for the US, its day is fading, and it is in the grip of financial interests that will wring the last drop of vitality out of it given their way.

There are several roads to losing weight. One is to engage in healthy exercise and a good diet. The other way is starvation either through deprivation or disease. In both instances one 'loses weight.' The modern day Liquidationists favor starvation, for the other guys, not themselves. The modern day Keynesianians seem to wish to indulge in overeating with a change in diet to be left for another day.

The American economic system cries out for meaningful reform. Deficit spending without reform is futile, the road to addiction. But no government led structural repair efforts is the sure road to stagnation and a zombie-like existence such as has been seen in Japan, or even worse, a third world status and regional fragmentation.

My own bellwether is the UK. I believe quite strongly that Britain will reach its crisis before the US. And it may provide a proper warning, but all things considered, it may be too late. While there are many good signs in the financial reform regime from regulators aghast at the mindless venality that has brought the country to the brink of ruin, there is still the matter of the current political leadership, and its failure to engage with the issues in meaningful ways.

Addendum: Europe's Banks Brace for UK Debt Crisis

Bloomberg
Feldstein Says Euro’s Fall Due to ‘Panic’ Over Greece
By Steve Matthews and Sara Eisen

March 11 (Bloomberg) -- Harvard University Professor Martin Feldstein said the euro’s 4.6 percent decline against the dollar this year has been “panic selling” stemming from the financial crisis in Greece.

“The euro is weakening despite their better trade balance,” Feldstein, an economist, said in a Bloomberg Television interview broadcast today. “This is a kind of an irrational or panic selling where people are just saying, ‘I don’t know what is going on, I am just going to step to the sidelines and not leave money in euros.’”

Greek officials are trying to convince investors they can reduce the nation’s budget deficit, which at 12.7 percent of gross domestic product was the European Union’s largest in 2009. The government last week announced spending cuts and tax increases totaling 4.8 billion euros ($6.5 billion), the third round of austerity measures this year...

“What’s happening with the euro is an overreaction,” Feldstein said. “There’s, in my judgment, no real reason why the euro should have sold off, overall. After all, Germany is not at risk. France is not at risk.”

Feldstein, who warned in 1997 that European monetary union would spark greater political conflict, said “enormous fiscal deficits” projected over the next decade may mean the U.S. dollar may not maintain its current value.

Draw Funds

“Europe doesn’t have the need to draw in funds from the rest of the world in the way that the United States does,” he said.

“If I wanted to be nervous about the future of a currency over the next, say, five years, there is more reason to worry given the size of the U.S. budget deficits and given the size, even more importantly, of our trade and current account deficits,” he said.

The Congressional Budget Office projects President Barack Obama’s spending proposals would produce a record $1.5 trillion budget deficit this year and a $1.3 trillion deficit in 2011.

Concern over the possibility of U.S. tax increases to deal with the rising government debt may be depressing confidence, investment and household consumption, Feldstein said.

“It is a very negative impact, both on the economy in the long run and, through confidence, on what happens in the short run,” he said.

Feldstein, a former president of the National Bureau of Economic Research, is a member of the NBER’s Business Cycle Dating Committee, the panel charged with determining when U.S. recessions begin and end. He served as chairman of the White House Council of Economic Advisers during the Reagan administration.

The Case Against the Fed from a US Senator

If you read through this letter from US Senator Sherrod Brown (D-OH), who is also the chairman of the Senate Subcommittee on Economic Policy, you will get a grasp of how badly the Fed has mishandled its responsibilities over the past ten years at least.

I thought the Senator was far too kind and reserved in his criticism. Yes, the Fed did focus on inflation. Unfortunately the definition of inflation which they used was inappropriate, since it did not include the obvious asset bubbles which were created by the Fed's own monetary policies.

In addition, the Fed not only neglected its role in consumer protection, it took an activist opposition to the regulation of new financial instruments such as derivatives that has created a position that even today leaves the US in a financially precarious position.

This is particularly galling when one hears of the schemes being concocted by the bank friendly Senators, Dodd, Corker and Shelby, to move more of the weak banking reforms into the Fed, which is itself a private institution owned by these very banks that it will regulate.

This is not the appropriate level of financial reform that the American people deserve. And if you notice to whom Senator Sherrod is addressing his concerns, you will understand my lack of enthusiasm or any change or improvement in this sorry state of affairs.

March 10, 2010

The Honorable Timothy Geithner
Secretary, United States Department of the Treasury
1500 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW
Washington, D.C. 20220

The Honorable Lawrence Summers
Director, National Economic Council
The White House
1600 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW
Washington, D.C. 20500


Dear Secretary Geithner and Director Summers,

I write to you today to express my concern about the vacancies at the Federal Reserve, both on the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) and soon in the Vice Chairman's office. This is the financial equivalent of leaving open vacancies on the United States Supreme Court, and it is essential that we fill these positions.

As Chairman of the Senate Banking Committee's Subcommittee on Economic Policy, with jurisdiction over the Federal Reserve System's monetary policy functions, I am acutely aware of the importance of monetary policy at the Fed.

Both the full Banking Committee and the Economic Policy Subcommittee have examined the causes of the financial crisis and the resulting effects on lending, access to credit, and employment. The evidence presented to the Committee about the role that Fed policy decisions played in the financial crisis and the economic downturn has led me to conclude that the Fed's monetary policy has focused almost entirely on controlling inflation rather than maximizing employment and that the Fed has too often put banks' soundness ahead of its other responsibilities.

In light of this experience, there are several other important qualifications that I would urge you to consider in selecting the new Vice Chairman and new members of the FOMC:

1. Recognition of the causes of the financial crisis before it occurred.

Many economic experts, including some at the Federal Reserve, failed to anticipate the impending economic crisis. However, there were exceptional people who sounded alarms about the rapidly inflating housing bubble, the proliferation of subprime lending, and the packaging, selling, and investing in toxic financial products by Wall Street. Unfortunately, regulators, including the Fed, ignored or attempted to discredit many of these courageous individuals, rather than heeding their warnings. We need economic policy makers who possess the foresight to identify harmful economic trends, the courage to speak out about the necessity of addressing these practices before they inflict lasting damage to our economy, and the wisdom to listen even if their views are challenged.


2. Demonstrated dedication to protecting consumers and maximizing employment.

For years, the Federal Reserve's monetary policy has maintained an almost single-minded focus on inflation. This has been detrimental to the Fed's other core missions, particularly maximizing employment and protecting consumers. The results of this fixation speak for themselves. The national unemployment rate is more than double the Fed's statutorily mandated 4 percent unemployment target. The Fed also failed to act on repeated warnings about predatory mortgage lending and credit card abuses. Consumer protection experience is particularly important if the new consumer protection entity were to be housed at the Fed. Our economy will benefit from renewed attention to all of the Fed's priorities.


3. Commitment to releasing e-mails related to the Fed's involvement in the AIG bailout.

A growing number of experts - including economists, academics, and former regulators - have called upon the Federal Reserve to release all e-mails, internal accounting documents, and financial models related to AIG's collapse. The American taxpayers now hold the majority of AIG shares, and they have a right to know how their money is being spent. Providing greater detail about the AIG bailout is particularly important because that episode continues to taint the Fed's reputation. Focusing on candidates committed to full transparency related to this particular economic event would help to restore the Fed's stature and credibility in the eyes of many Americans.

The American public has lost a great deal of confidence in the Federal Reserve. Selecting a Vice Chair and FOMC members with the above qualifications will send the message that the Federal Reserve has learned from the financial crisis, and that the Fed's weaknesses are being addressed with more than just cosmetic changes.

I would be happy to discuss specific candidates with you at your convenience. Thank you for considering my views, and I look forward to working with you to address these vacancies at the Fed.

Sincerely,
Sherrod Brown
United States Senator

h/t to the Huffington Post for the letter

Investors Who Lost In Madoff and Stanford Schemes Want Government to "Make Them Whole"

These are, by and large, relatively well-to-do people who were considered 'qualified investors,' or ought to have been. They were able to place large sums of money in obviously risky investments seeking abnormally high rates of return, which they did receive for many years.

The notion that the government should retroactively cover their losses, even indirectly, by taxing the public is obviously repugnant.

What about the many who have lost, on a percentage basis, equally if not more devastating amounts of their retirement savings in the tech, housing and credit bubbles? Their only fault is that they lack the political connections and high powered lawyers to make the case for them to the Congress, and the influence to get their way from pliable Congressmen.

I feel mightily sorry for anyone who has lost money in these fraudulent markets. I spend quite a bit of my personal time trying to warn people about the snares and pitfalls that are allowed to continue in the US financial markets even today. And there are many of them. Consumer Protection is not a priority in Washington.

A better case might be made to sue the Wall Street exchanges, the private self-regulators, and the auditors and ratings agencies for gross negligence in allowing these frauds to continue for so many years. Prosecutions for fraud and corruption across a much wider circle of enablers is generally what is done. It was done in the 1930's and it was done after the Savings and Loan Scandal.

But that will not happen. The financial sector is contributing far too much to the politicians in Washington, and too many powerful politicians are beholden to them, despite what smooth words that might pass their lips in public.

To take the losses of wealthier investors from hedge funds and other high risk investments having no productive benefit or socially redeeming value, and socialize them to the many is almost unbelievable.

And the backing of Senators Richard Shelby and Bob Corker for this is just another sign of the disgraceful corruption and patronage to a select few that infests the Finance Committee in the Senate. These are the Senators on the Finance Committe, among others, who are blocking and weakening financial reform. What hypocrites!

"These capitalists generally act harmoniously and in concert to fleece the people, and now that they have got into a quarrel with themselves, we are called upon to appropriate the people's money to settle the quarrel." Abraham Lincoln, speech to Illinois legislature, Jan. 1837

BusinessWeek
Madoff Victims Join Stanford Investors to Lobby for Payback
By Robert Schmidt and Jesse Westbrook
March 10, 2010, 12:16 AM EST

March 10 (Bloomberg) -- Victims of Bernard Madoff and accused Ponzi schemer R. Allen Stanford are banding together to lobby Congress for a law that could require Wall Street firms to pay billions of dollars to cover some of the losses they suffered.

As the groups’ leaders walked the Capitol halls separately over the past several months, they learned how to find the Senate’s Dirksen Office Building and to call their proposal “revenue neutral,” meaning no cost to taxpayers.

They also gleaned another lesson: The broader the geographic base of support, the better the chance of legislative success. The result is a coalition of the Democratic-backed, East Coast, and mostly Jewish investors defrauded by Madoff, with the Republican-backed, largely Christian, Sunbelt residents victimized by Stanford. The disparate groups now find themselves bound by a common notion: They’ve been cheated, and they want the government to make them whole....

The lobbying initiative “gives new meaning to the word chutzpah,” said James Cox, a professor at Duke University School of Law. “This is just a tax increase. It’s levied on banks but customers end up paying.” Until recently, the two groups were going at it alone, and not winning much support except from lawmakers in their regions.

Shaw’s Stanford group had backing from Richard Shelby of Alabama, the senior Republican on the Senate Banking Committee, and other panel Republicans like Bob Corker of Tennessee, David Vitter of Louisiana and Kay Bailey Hutchison of Texas, said Shaw, who also works part-time as a spokeswoman at the Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas.

“These are very Christian” people, Shaw said, referring to the Stanford victims. A lot of members were marketed the Stanford securities “at church...”

And Here Come Those Treasury Auctions

The US equity markets are holding on to the rumour-inspired gains from yesterday, as commodities are hit and the longer end of the bonds slump a bit.

"There is also the matter of the 3, 10, and 30 year Treasury auctions this week. The dollar is often dressed up for the occasion. If not with the fundamentals, then by weakening the 'competition' to make it look prettier than them. If the US stock market cannot move up or hold its ground while the Treasury conducts even modestly successful Treasury auctions, then this is a cautionary indication that Wall Street and the Fed are moving capital in a circle of manipulation to attempt to maintain the illusion of growth, in the manner of a Ponzi scheme." US Dollar Charts Still Technically Strong March 8, 2010

CNN Money
Treasurys dip ahead of auction
By Annalyn Censky
March 10, 2010: 12:12 PM ET

NEW YORK (CNNMoney.com) -- Treasurys traded lower Wednesday morning ahead of a government auction of $21 billion in 10-year notes.

What prices are doing: In mid-day trading, the benchmark 10-year note fell 10/32 to 99-3/32 and its yield rose to 3.741%. Bond prices and yields move in opposite directions.

What's moving the market: After strong demand in the government's $40 billion auction of 3-year notes Tuesday, analysts expect Wednesday's auction of 10-year notes to be well received, but with slightly less demand. Longer term debt like the 10-year note and 30-year bond traditionally see slightly lower demand in auctions, because of their inherent greater risk.

The auctions include a $13 billion offering in 30-year bonds on Thursday...

Propaganda Campaign Attempts to Mask the Economic Risks and Reality

The propaganda campaign by the US government is trying to mask the fact that the economic recovery plan is failing and that America is rapidly losing confidence in Team Obama.

You cannot have a sustained recovery without changing the underlying conditions that caused the failure in the first place.

In addition to the media blitz dissected by Yves Smith in the essay excerpted below, I have never seen such a load of rubbish being put forward with regard to the markets in US financial assets and commodities, and I have seen quite a bit in the last twenty years. In particular, the campaigns against gold and silver in particular are heavy-handed, obvious, and reaching the point of hysteria.

The shorts are trapped, hopelessly trapped, and unable to deliver on their massive short positions. They are only able to manipulate the price in short term bursts, and continue to dig themselves deeper as the world demand continues to drain them.

Whoever heard of a bubble in which the major money center banks are so perilously short it? A bubble requires a broad participation and belief, and the encouragement of the market makers. And now a statement from an "SEC official" that there is a gold bubble. This, from the very people who allegedly could not see the tech, housing and credit bubbles until they fell on top of them.

And of course there are the funds and the wealthy, who mouth the same party line while lining their portfolios with huge positions and personal holdings.

Various exigencies can compel the big players to make statements swearing gold and silver are no good, no store of value against all the evidence of history. But the fact remains that the US dollar reserve currency regime is falling apart, tumbling like the humpty-dumpty construct that it is. And the status quo is shitting their collective pants about it, and the likely backlash from the public when their deceptions are exposed.

Don't expect the Ancien Régime fiancier to fall easily, quietly, or quickly. But it will change; change is the only inevitability. And we all suspect what will remain standing when the dust settles. All this noise seems more like haggling over a larger quantity for a better price, and a clearer path to the exit.

Naked Capitalism
The Empire Continues to Strike Back: Team Obama Propaganda Campaign Reaches a Fever Pitch
By Yves Smith

I’ve seldom seen so much rubbish written by people who ought to know better in a single day. Many able people have heaped the scorn and incredulity on three articles, one a piece on Rahm Emanuel slotted to run in the Sunday New York Times Magazine, another an artfully packed laudatory piece on Timothy Geithner by John Cassidy in the New Yorker and a more even handed looking one (I stress “looking”) in the Atlantic.

Ed Harrison has skillfully shredded parsed the Geithner pieces . Simon Johnson thrashed the New Yorker story. A key paragraph below:

"The main feature of the plan, of course, was – following the stress tests – to communicate effectively that there was a government guarantee behind every major bank or quasi-bank in the United States. Of course this works in the short-term – investors like such guarantees. But there’s a good reason we usually don’t guarantee all financial institutions – or act happy when other countries do the same. Unconditional bailouts lead to trouble, encouraging reckless risk-taking and undermining responsible governance. You can’t run any form of reasonable market system when some big players hold “get out of bankruptcy free” cards."

Banking expert Chris Whalen was so disturbed by the numerous distortions in the New Yorker piece that he had already fired off a long letter to the editor by the time I pinged him, with these starting paragraphs:

"Jack Cassidy tells us that “Timothy Geithner’s financial plan is working—and making him very unpopular.” Unfortunately this is completely wrong. Cassidy’s comment just illustrates why the New Yorker has fallen into such obscurity, namely because it is more Vanity Fair than its vivacious sibling and unable to perform critical journalism.

In fact, the banking system is continuing to sink under bad loans and even worse securities losses. Telling the public that the banks are “fixed” is irresponsible. Unfortunately this false perception is widespread, including among major media such as CNBC and also with a number of my clients in the hedge fund world."

...Yves here. The reason that people who can discern clearly what is afoot are so deeply disturbed is simple, and all the comments touch on it. The campaign to defend Geithner and Emanuel, both architects of the administration’s finance friendly policies has gone beyond what most people would see as spin into such an aggressive effort to manipulate popular perceptions that it is not a stretch to call it propaganda.

This strategy, of relying on propaganda to mask their true intent, has become inevitable, given the strategic corner the Obama Adminstration has painted itself in. And this campaign has become increasingly desperate as the inconsistency between the Adminsitration’s “product positioning” and observable reality become increasingly evident...

Read the rest of this thoughtful and informative piece and its many associated links and references can be read here.

Lord have mercy on us, for what we have done, and what we ought to have done but did not,
and from what we may yet deserve to reap from our misuse and debasement of your bounty.

Wall Street Excluded from European Government Bond Sales

The Ugly American is a novel that was published in 1958, and was later made into a movie starring Marlon Brando. It tells the story how America was losing the hearts and minds of the people in Asia after its heroic performance in the Second World War by the predatory business practices and exploitation of US multinationals. The book was a bit of a scandal, coming on the heels of Nixon's visit to South America where he was spat upon by angry mobs.

At the time people talked about the way in which US corporations were alienating the developing world (we called it 'third world' then), and how it would create a generation of political difficulties for the US around the world. This was an initial wake up call to the American public, which was lost and forgotten in the fervor of the Go-Go Sixties. What was good for General Bullmoose was good for the USA. Or so we all thought.

Regrettably, once again US corporations, the Wall Street banks, are busy alienating the world against America's interests through their unethical and shockingly predatory business practices. It will be interesting if Asia and South America pick up this theme of banning the Wall Street banks on ethical considerations from doing certain types of business in their regions.

It would be even more significant if US financial assets were to no longer find a place with foreign investors, based on a perception of their somewhat fraudulent taint from the CDO ratings scandals. Little or no reform has yet occurred. Who will then expect anything to have changed?

The imbalances, flaws and conflicts of interest in the US financial markets are a genuine shame, and may yet cripple the economy once again. And the unwillingness of the reform President to do anything about it is even more shocking still. What is he thinking?

Congressman Alan Grayson (D-Fla) recently said , "There is a growing feeling on the part of Democrats that the president is getting bad advice from people who have sold out to Wall Street."

I think far too many people would agree whole-heartedly with him.


Guardian UK
Europe bars Wall Street banks from government bond sales
By Elena Moya
Monday 8 March 2010 21.36 GMT

European countries are blocking Wall Street banks from lucrative deals to sell government debt worth hundreds of billions of euros in retaliation for their role in the credit crunch.

For the first time in five years, no big US investment bank appears among the top nine sovereign bond bookrunners in Europe, according to Dealogic data compiled for the Guardian. Only Morgan Stanley ranks at number 10.

Goldman Sachs doesn't make the table. Goldman made it to number five last year and in 2006, and number eight in 2007, the data shows. JP Morgan was in the top ten last year and in 2007 and 2006 but doesn't appear this year.

"Governments do not have the confidence that the excessive risk-taking culture of the big Wall Street banks has changed and they still cannot be trusted to put the stability of the financial system before profit," said Arlene McCarthy, vice chair of the European parliament's economic and monetary affairs committee. "It is no surprise therefore that governments are reluctant to do business with banks that have failed to learn the lesson of the crisis. The banks need to acknowledge the mistakes that were made and behave in an ethical way to regain the trust and confidence of governments."

European sovereign bond league tables are now dominated by European banks such as Barclays Capital, Deutsche Bank, and Société Générale, the Dealogic table shows. Their business model is usually seen as more relationship-based, while US investment banks have traditionally been focused on immediate deal-making. (A euphemism for customer face-ripping - Jesse)

Being left out of government bond sales means missing out on one of the top fee-earning opportunities this year, given the relative drought in mergers and acquisitions and stock market flotations. Western European governments need to raise an estimated half a trillion dollars this year to refinance debts and pay for bank bailouts and rising unemployment....

Investment banks insist their business areas are separated by confidentiality walls, but countries have been furious about some of their trades appearing to conflict – either on their own books, or on behalf of clients.

Goldman Sachs said its overall position in the European sovereign bond market had improved this quarter once US dollar denominated deals were included. It said its own data showed it ranked fourth in European sovereign bond sales this year...

"The power of big investment banks was a factor in the banking crisis, and it's up to regulators and customers to stand up to them, and not picking them is one of the ways," Augar said...

The EU is also trying to curb US financial power by creating its own monetary fund – a replica of the Washington-based IMF. The need of a European fund has emerged during the Greek crisis, as European politicians have insisted financial troubles should be resolved at home.

US Equities Showing Signs of an "Exhaustion Top" Amidst Rumours, Hype, and Shenanigans

The US stock market seems to be getting rather tired after what can only be described as a remarkable rally on light volumes and program trading.

The market is trying to rise here, with announcements like the Cisco backbone router for carriers and the AIG unit sales being hyped incessantly on financial media. The hype over the Cisco backbone router today is almost embarrassing. The anchors on Bloomberg keep saying that the router can download entire movies in 4 seconds, which is a lot faster than the 10 minutes it takes today. To anyone who knows anything about how networks are provisioned this is a howler of the first order, to say the least. For the consumer, the network is only as fast as the last mile.

It has also been reported by Adam Johnson on Bloomberg television that J.P. Morgan, a major broker dealer, stopped lending shares in AIG and Citi today "on rumours that the US government might ban short selling in stocks in which it has a financial interest." This squeezed the shorts and helped give an artificial boost to financial stocks over all. The company has since stopped this self-imposed ban on loaning shares and stocks are falling off their highs.

Needless to say, the SEC is unlikely to investigate this, or advise market makers not to start arbitrarily constraining the supply of stock based on market rumours, especially when they might be trading these same stocks for their own proprietary portfolios. They ought not be able to institute ad hoc bans on buying or selling by manipulating the supply.

Perhaps another leg up, after some consolidation, but this market is now very vulnerable to a reversal. The volumes are light on the rallies, and tend to increase quite a bit on the declines. Today the volume was a little better, in a consolidation perhaps, or a simple distribution. .

As we reported last week, the cash levels in the mutual funds are near record lows. Stocks do not typically rally unless there is large scale buying. All well and good, but until selling volumes show up, the market can continue to drift higher, especially with the support of the monetary magicians and the Wall Street wiseguys.



Don't get in front, wait for it. But start getting defensive if you have not done so already.

The Ides of March are on the 15th.

Are Traders Demanding US Credit Default Swaps Payable in Gold?

If another author had said this I might not pay it so much attention. Lately some have been given over to a tabloid approach to overstatement and sensational headlines to attract attention. This is a strong temptation as the blogosphere expands, similar to the development and evolution of newspapers as a popular medium in Victorian London for example.

But as you know, I have a great deal of respect and admiration for Janet Tavakoli and her knowledge in this area. If she is seeing a new demand for Credit Default Swaps on the US payable in gold I would credit it since this is her area of expertise and industry connections, but would ask for some particulars, which I have done. This would match up with some things I have heard from other sources, and desire to continue to put the puzzle pieces together without traveling false trails. For now it remains all opaque, speculation, and rumour.

It does make sense, of course, to price a US default in something other than dollars. The question that comes to mind though, is not the suggested method of payment, but the nature and quality of the counter-party who could stand reliably behind such a claim without it being a fraudulent contract by its very nature.

If the US should default, what major financial institutions will be in a position to have written and then uphold the terms of these CDS, payable in anything at all? Surely only a sovereign bank like the US Fed, the Treasury, or the IMF, or some other central bank could be so capable. But what possible motivation could a non-profit-seeking official institution have in writing CDS on a US sovereign default? Perhaps more likely a private bank or GSE, with the buyers thinking it has some sovereign guarantees that would be upheld in extremis.

Truly, remember AIG? It was insolvent when payment was demanded, and acted improperly in paying collateral to Goldman ahead of its inevitable insolvency, and then receiving the support of the Treasury to pay obligations in full, above all others. It ought to have been placed in a receivership and its assets allocated with the previously disposed collateral clawed back. This kind of private arrangement between parties involving the sovereign wealth of nations may be indicative of things to come. The recent example of Iceland comes to mind.

I agree with her that credit default swaps should be curtailed. Indeed, I would tend to severely limit the trading of most if not all naked derivatives and stock sales by requiring capital requirements near 100 percent and secured by good collateral.

But I think the gold aspect of this may be overdone. The US has more gold than any other individual country, and still values it cheaply at a sub-fifty dollar historical price on its books. If a counterparty fails, it will fail, and a settlement will be arranged. The issue of course, is if some encumbrance of the gold in the US has already been accomplished through unfortunate leases to bullion banks who will not be able to return it.

Indeed this horse may already be 'out of the barn' as some evidence indicates that a few banks like JPM are already short more gold and silver than they can possibly deliver under the conditions of the contract without selective default to paper if demanded by their counter-parties.

If there is any sort of government guarantee, it will be payable in dollars, unless some private arrangement is made for the benefit of the recipient. For example, if a bullion bank is caught short of gold, and requires it to avoid a default and 'systemic risk.' The rationale will be to pay the debt in full so as to avoid a collapse, even though there was no guarantee involved. If we did not have such a recent historical example of AIG I would say that such an abuse of the Treasury for the benefit of a few for placing the system at risk was not possible. And yet here we are.

There is another possibility, based only on speculation as far as I can determine, that a major purchaser of US debt is now demanding it be backstopped against ratings downgrades in gold payable CDS. Until now I have given this little credibility. How can such a thing be arranged in secrecy and maintained as such? How could a private bank, even a money center, write such a swap in good faith?

You see, to my knowledge no private corporation has the right to engage in contracts that encumber the US gold reserves, not the Fed nor the Banks, and not even the President or Treasury alone. Only the Congress, with the knowledge of the people, may allocate and distribute such a sovereign asset. If swaps and contracts and leases are being made on the US gold reserves, the people then are the subjects of a monumental theft and fraud. And if the US is writing or guaranteeing CDS in gold, then most likely it is doing so as a means of rescuing those who have already gone hopelessly short the gold market, and need to arrange a 'back-door' bailout.

So the rule at hand would be the epigram of the famous trader, Daniel Drew:

"He who sells what isn't his'n
Must buy it back, or go to prison."

Unless they have good friends at the Fed or the Treasury, or in positions of power in the exchanges perhaps. But does anyone believe that the American people would stand again for another bailout of the very same banks that it has bailed out previously? I would hope that there would not be a Reykjavík on the Potomac in my lifetime.

In short, if the existence of CDS on the default or downgrade of US sovereign debt payable in gold bullion be true, who would be in a position to stand behind these Credit Default Swaps with any reliability, and what buyer would be in a position to make such a demand of a credible source?

The US most likely will resist the banning of credit derivatives because it is in the hands of the Banks, and such derivatives are the source of enormous profits. Further, such a ban might cause the existing bulk of derivatives to fall in value, destabilizing the financial system. Nothing could be more obvious, at least for now. So this situation will continue most likely until it falters, and the entire system is once again placed at risk. But these markets are so opaque, and the intentions of government in them even less apparent, that one can only watch and wonder.

At some point the Banks may seek to make the people yet another offer they cannot refuse. And America will choose. But first I think, the UK will reach this point.

Huffington Post
Washington Must Ban U.S. Credit Derivatives as Traders Demand Gold
By Janet Tavakoli
March 8, 2010

...Remember AIG? When prices moved against AIG on its credit default swap contracts, AIG owed cash (collateral) to its trading partners. AIG paid billions of dollars and owed billions more when U.S. taxpayers bailed it out in September 2008.

U.S. credit default swaps currently trade in euros. After all, if the U.S. defaults, who will want payment in devalued U.S. dollars? The euro recently weakened relative to the dollar, and market participants are calling for contracts that require payment in gold. If they get their way, speculators on the winning side of a price move will demand collateral paid in gold.

The market can create an unlimited number of these contracts very rapidly. The U.S. wouldn't have to ever default to trigger a major disruption in the gold market. Spreads (or prices) on the credit default swaps could simply move based on "news," and demand for gold would soar.

If this speculation drives up the price of gold, and the available gold supply becomes limited, are you willing to post your children as collateral? I am pushing the point so that we put a stop to this before it is too late."

Net Asset Value of Certain Precious Metal Funds and Trusts

US Dollar Charts Still Technically Strong

The US Dollar Daily Chart is showing a continuation pattern, indicating the likelihood that its rally has more room to the upside. This implies more troubles for the Euro, the Pound, and the Yen if in fact the dollar can break out from this formation. There is some probability of failure, but not so great as continuation of the trend higher.

There is also the matter of the 3, 10, and 30 year Treasury auctions this week. The dollar is often dressed up for the occasion. If not with the fundamentals, then by weakening the 'competition' to make it look prettier than them.

If the US stock market cannot move up or hold its ground while the Treasury conducts even modestly successful Treasury auctions, then this is a cautionary indication that Wall Street and the Fed are moving capital in a circle of manipulation to attempt to maintain the illusion of growth, in the manner of a Ponzi scheme.



The Dollar rally is obviously consolidating its recent overbought condition, and has more room to the upside if the trend continues. Keep in mind that the fundamentals work slowly and on the long trends. In the shorter timeframes the price is just a trade, more subject to emotions and fluctuations. Do not try and fight the ticker if you are a trader. If you are a long term investor, then you can ignore what at the end of the day will turn out to be noise. But there are some imperative requirements to do so regarding your cash levels and leverage.

Iceland Voters Reject Bank Bailouts in Crushing Electoral Defeat; Neo-Liberalism In Context

"Voters rejected the bill because ordinary people, farmers and fishermen, taxpayers, doctors, nurses, teachers, are being asked to shoulder through their taxes a burden that was created by irresponsible greedy bankers."

"Is there any reason why the American people should be taxed to guarantee the debts of banks, any more than they should be taxed to guarantee the debts of other institutions, including merchants, the industries, and the mills of the country?" Senator Carter Glass (D-Va), author of the Banking Act of 1933 and of Glass-Steagall

It is interesting that the government of Iceland had already declared the vote of the people as 'obsolete.' One has to wonder when the voters will declare their current government and their representatives as obsolete. One would give the government credit for at least allowing a vote on a referendum, but to then disregard and circumvent it through political devices is seems like a base hypocrisy.

Iceland is a victim of the neo-liberal economic deregulation of the 1990's, in which a few bankers can buy the government, and rack up enormous profits for themselves in Ponzi like leverage, and then attempt to socialize the debt back to the people when their schemes collapse.

Neo-Liberalism is a system of economic thought embracing the efficient markets hypothesis, the inherent good of deregulation and the natural impediment of government regulation, the necessity of free trade and globalization, the supremacy of the corporation over the individual person in the social economy, and supply side economics. It most likely favors a one world currency and consolidation of production into large corporate combinations or 'trusts' under the principle of laissez-faire.

Neo-liberalism may degenerate into crony capitalism, or even corporatism, as its theoretical idealism of perfect rationalism and virtue falters against the reality of human behaviour. In times of financial crisis, for example, neo-liberalism ironically turns to centralized economic planning by allegedly private banks which appropriate public funds and the power of the monetary license to socialize private debts, and, in a strikingly Orwellian twist, eviscerate the discipline of the markets and the individual to preserve their freedom, and the well being of the private corporations. Although now largely repudiated, neo-liberalism has strong roots in the public consciousness, and its adherents hold considerable power in Western governments and among the 'freshwater school' of American economics.

What makes neo-liberalism and neo-conservatism 'neo' or new is their attitude towards the relationship of the individual to the state. Both tend to denigrate and diminish the condition and rights of the inividual as compared to the consideration of the corporate system or the centralized command state.

In the States, the Congress and the President have just ignored the massive protests against their own bank bailouts. The US was able to cloak its own debt assumptions through accounting frauds, claiming that the bailouts were repaid by the banks. The bailouts are wrapped in AIG, Fannie and Freddie, and the Federal Reserve. This is the advantage of owning the currency, the IMF and ratings agencies. And of course your media.

Although Europeans and the markets are looking at the 'PIGS' for the next serious default as the economic hitmen are moving from Iceland to Greece, the real test of globalization in financial markets and the dominant control of the private banks will come in the UK, a sovereign people too proud and strong to go down into feudal servitude and the rule of tyrants easily. Or at least one would hope.

The Relationship of the Condition and Rights of the Individual to the Organized State




Bloomberg
Iceland Rejects Icesave Depositors Bill in Referendum
By Omar R. Valdimarsso

March 7 (Bloomberg) -- Icelanders rejected by a massive majority a bill that would saddle each citizen with $16,400 of debt in protest at U.K. and Dutch demands that they cover losses triggered by the failure of a private bank.

Ninety-three percent voted against the so-called Icesave bill, according to preliminary results on national broadcaster RUV. Final results will be published today.

The bill would have obliged the island to take on $5.3 billion, or 45 percent of last year’s economic output, in loans from the U.K. and the Netherlands to compensate the two countries for depositor losses stemming from the collapse of Landsbanki Islands hf more than a year ago. The island’s political leaders say they’ve already moved on to talks over a new accord.

“The government’s survival doesn’t rest with this Icesave vote,” Prime Minister Johanna Sigurdardottir told RUV after the preliminary count was announced. “The government coalition remains solid,” Finance Minister Steingrimur Sigfusson told RUV.

Failure to reach an agreement on the bill has left Iceland’s International Monetary Fund-led loan in limbo and prompted Fitch Ratings to cut its credit grade to junk. Moody’s Investors Service and Standard & Poor’s have signaled they may follow suit if no settlement is reached.

‘Obsolete’

Iceland’s leaders are trying to negotiate a new deal with the U.K. and the Dutch that focuses on the interest rate payable on the loan, making the bill in yesterday’s vote “obsolete,” Sigurdardottir said on March 4.

Dutch Finance Minister Jan Kees de Jager in a statement posted on the Internet last night said he is “disappointed” the agreement hasn’t yet come into effect. The U.K. was “obviously disappointed,” while “not surprised,” said a Treasury official who declined to be identified in line with departmental policy.

Iceland’s government pointed to “steady progress toward a settlement” in the past three weeks in a statement.

“The British and Dutch Governments have indicated a willingness to accept a solution that will entail a significantly lower cost for Iceland than that envisaged in the prior agreement,” the statement said.

The U.K. and Netherlands have offered an interest rate of the London Interbank Offered Rate plus 2.75 percentage points, according to the U.K. Treasury official. That’s the same as the rate for the loan from the Nordic countries that the Icelandic Government accepted in July 2009. The new offer also gave relief on the first two years of interest for the loan, amounting to 450 million euros.

‘Ordinary People’

The three governments have declared their intention to continue the talks, the Iceland statement said.

Voters rejected the bill because “ordinary people, farmers and fishermen, taxpayers, doctors, nurses, teachers, are being asked to shoulder through their taxes a burden that was created by irresponsible greedy bankers,” said President Olafur R. Grimsson, whose rejection of the bill resulted in the plebiscite, in a Bloomberg Television interview on March 5.

The Icesave deal passed through parliament with a 33 to 30 vote majority. Grimsson blocked it after receiving a petition from a quarter of the population urging him to do so. The government has said it’s determined any new deal must have broader political backing to avoid meeting a similar fate.

Icelanders used the referendum to express their outrage at being asked to take on the obligations of bankers who allowed the island’s financial system to create a debt burden more than 10 times the size of the economy.

Protests

The nation’s three biggest banks, which were placed under state control in October 2008, had enjoyed a decade of market freedoms following the government’s privatizations through the end of the 1990s and the beginning of this decade.

Protesters have gathered every week, with regular numbers swelling to about 2,000, according to police estimates. The last time the island saw demonstrations on a similar scale was before the government of former Prime Minister Geir Haarde was toppled.

Icelanders have thrown red paint over house facades and cars of key employees at the failed banks, Kaupthing Bank hf, Landsbanki and Glitnir Bank hf, to vent their anger. The government has appointed a special commission to investigate financial malpractice and has identified more than 20 cases that will result in prosecution.

Economic Impact

The island’s economy shrank an annual 9.1 percent in the fourth quarter of last year, the statistics office said on March 5, and contracted 6.5 percent in 2009 as a whole.

Household debt with major credit institutions has doubled in the past five years and reached about 1.8 trillion kronur ($14 billion) in 2009, compared with the island’s $12 billion gross domestic product, according to the central bank.

Icelanders, the world’s fifth-richest per capita as recently as 2007, ended 2009 18 percent poorer and will see their disposable incomes decline a further 10 percent this year, the central bank estimates.

Grimsson, who has described his decision to put the depositor bill to a referendum as the “pinnacle of democracy,” says he’s not concerned about the economic fallout of his decision.

“The referendum has drawn back the curtain and people see on the stage the matter in a new perspective,” he said in an interview. “That has strengthened our position and our cause.”

SnowJob: Revising the Non-Farm Payrolls Report

It appears as though the concerns expressed by the Administration about the snow storms and their impact on lost employment was overdone, if not misplaced. The market is pleasantly surprised with this -36,000 jobs number, since the expectations had been calibrated lower so effectively.

In fairness to the Obama Administration, they are only doing what Bush II, Clinton, and Bush I* had been doing right along with almost every statistic that they have issued. It's called 'perception management.' Greece used one method of accounting management in shaping the numbers, and the US uses its own approach to what is essentially a similar problem.

“Propaganda proceeds by psychological manipulations, character modifications, and the creation of stereotypes useful when the time comes.
The two great routes that propaganda takes are the conditioned reflex and the myth.” Jacques Ellul

In addition to the 'better-than-expected' jobs loss announced today for February, the Bureau of Labor Statistics also went back and adjusted the employment numbers from April-July 2009.

"With the release of February data on March 5, 2010, BLS has corrected April-July 2009 establishment survey estimates for all employees and women employees for the federal government series. The changes result from corrections to initial counts for Census temporary and intermittent workers for Census 2010."

This adjustment itself was not so great, certainly not as significant as the benchmark revision done in January for the 12+ months preceding.

I thought it would be an interesting exercise to compare the views of the US employment Seasonally Adjusted "headline numbers" presented by the BLS in December 2009, and the current view that they are showing as the true number today after the two recent sets of revisions.



The net result of the revisions is that jobs were added to the beginning and the end of what will be defined as 'the recession.'

This serves to now make the slump look steeper and more severe, and the recovery to be a little sharper, with plenty of jobs leftover to create a 'flat impression' in 2010 at worst.

In short, jobs were removed from almost every month in the revision during the slump, and shoved into the beginning and into the end.

That looks like a nice picture of a recovery, doesn't it? See, the February 2009 stimulus program and the strategy of massive bank bailouts have worked.

I have seen corporate managers who have come into a new position and inherited a mess jigger the numbers in a similar way. You make the slump look as bad as possible, and shove the excess profits or revenue into the beginning and the end of the problem, to make your efforts look as heroically effective as is possible.

Perhaps this is all just the way things turned out, in revising the numbers so as to make them the most accurate.

Or perhaps the US economy and its monetary system are an increasingly untenable Ponzi scheme, the mother of frauds.

Mr. John Williams of ShadowStats, the must read site for commentary on US government statistics, had this this say this morning about Non-Farm Payrolls:

"With an unchanged unemployment rate and a near-consensus payroll number reported this morning (March 5th) by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), I certainly misread the nature of Larry Summers’ employment comments, as discussed in yesterday’s Commentary No. 283. Historically, at least with earlier administrations, it has been unusual for individuals in positions such as Mr. Summers’ to offer comments on employment in the week before a pending release, without having a specific political or market-related purpose.

Distortions to economic reporting — in seasonal factors and in other methodologies not designed to handle a protracted and severe economic downturn — appear to be continuing."

I think that Larry Summers did have a definite agenda in his remarks, and said so. My instincts were that Summer's comments were a setup for the stock market bulls, in the spirit of his mentor Robert Rubin, who loves to throw a positive spin to help a market rally through resistance.

The lowball is helping the SP to break out of a trading range, and potentially to help fuel the economic stimulus through monetary and financial asset expansion. All is well. Let's all buy risk assets. Let's see if they can make it stick.

There are no accidents in politics.

Guest Post: How Unenlightened Self Interest Undermined Democracy and Corrupted Capitalism

"...exposes the mechanism by which one market operator set out to profit from the credit boom, and even more, from the bust...it’s an eye-popping story of vandalism-for-profit."

Richard Smith, a London-based capital markets information technology manager, was kind enough to provide an advance copy of his review for the book ECONned: How Unenlightened Self Interest Undermined Democracy and Corrupted Capitalism by Yves Smith, the author of the well-known financial blog Naked Capitalism.

Mr. Smith (real name, and no relation to Yves) helped in the proofing of the copy and fact searches, so he was already well familiar with the text. Perhaps this makes him a not entirely dispassionate source, given the regard that even copy editors can obtain for their associated works. But I thought it was a very nice summary of many of the salient points, and that you would enjoy having the opportunity to read it.

I intend to read the book in order to both learn something, and to be entertained as well. I love reading accounts of this period of time that are both authoritative and well-written, and understandable by the non-expert. Given the author's performance on her blog, and her detailed industry knowledge and experience, it looks to be a 'must read' for those following the financial crisis and its associated developments.


Reading ECONned
By Richard Smith

The Financial Crisis of 2007-2009 (no-one’s settled on a name yet; we are still too close to the action, and that end date might still need some discreet pushes to the right) has naturally set off a book publishing frenzy. With the first wave of instant histories now spent (the startlingly fast-out-of-the-blocks chronicle “Bailout Nation”, the elephantine “Too Big To Fail” etc, etc), we are now getting a second wave of books, whose authors have had time to dig deeper and reflect more on how we got into this mess. Yves Smith’s offering is the first integrated account of the root causes of the financial crisis, and a compelling one.

For Smith, it turns out to be a matter of bad economic theory, self-serving ideology, and, under cover, plain old rapacity. The author gives us a brisk historical sweep through what sounds like deeply unpromising, but, as it turns out, surprisingly engaging terrain: post- war economic theory, the evolution of the financial services industry and its regulation since the 1970s, modern financial instruments, and the Crisis itself. It’s been a long time a-comin’, this Crisis. It all culminates in a whodunit account of the mechanisms that brought the crisis to its acute phase; an account that respects the complexities, yet grips like a vice. But first of all, it’s about the way a single phrase, “free markets”, was turned into a justification for profoundly destructive behaviour.

Yves Smith (got it yet?) points out that there was always more to Adam Smith’s account of the free market than its modern reduction allows:

“Smith also pointed out that self-interested actions frequently led to injustice or even ruin. He fiercely criticized both how employers colluded with each other to keep wages low, as well as the “savage injustice” that European mercantilist interests had “commit[ted] with impunity” in colonies in Asia and the Americas.”

Yves shows us that little has changed since Adam’s day (last chance!). Running through the book, we will find ever more glaring contrasts between the official slogans: “invisible hand”, “free market” and so on, and what is really going on: scams, rip-offs, increasingly brazen looting. This is sanctioned, in an unwelcome display of bipartisanship, by intellectually bankrupt and venal politicians of all hues.

Chapter 1 is a sort of prelude, a first salvo at officially sanctioned economic theory, highlighting the absurd complacency of mainstream economists’ happy talk in the run up to the Crisis, pointing to just a few of the not insignificant number of people who saw the train coming down the tracks; and giving the lie, of course, to all those claims that its arrival was unpredictable. Officialdom does not get off lightly either: deserved prominence is given to some worthless good cheer emanating circa 2006 from the glossy but clueless Timothy Geithner, then Chairman of the New York Fed, and now, God help us all, US Treasury Secretary. As British Prime Minister Disraeli remarked of another talentless office-holder from an earlier era, “If a traveller were informed that such a man was the leader of the House of Commons, he might begin to comprehend how the Egyptians worshipped an insect.”

Next we are into the meat of the economic theory (Chapters 2-4). Smith briskly takes a sledgehammer to any number of plaster saints cluttering up the edifice of modern economics:

“assumptions that are patently ridiculous: that individuals are rational and utility-maximizing (which has become such a slippery notion as to be meaningless), that buyers and sellers have perfect information, that there are no transaction costs, that capital flows freely”

And then…papers with cooked figures, economists oblivious to speculative factors driving oil prices, travesty versions of Keynes’s ideas that airbrush out its most characteristic features in the name of mathematical tractability.

And then…any number of grand-sounding theoretical constructs: the Arrow-Debreu theorem, the Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium model, the Black-Scholes option model, Value at Risk, CAPM, the Gaussian copula, that only work under blatantly unrealistic assumptions that go by high falutin’ names – equilibrium, ergodicity, and so on.

The outcome of this pseudo-scientific botching is an imposing corpus of pretentious quackery that somehow elevates unregulated “free markets” into the sole mechanism for distribution of the spoils of economic activity. We are supposed to believe that by some alchemical process, maximum indulgence of human greed results in maximum prosperity for all. That’s unfair to alchemy: compared with the threadbare scientific underpinnings of this economic dogma, alchemy is a model of rigor. One skeptical insider:

“The result of all this is that we now understand almost less of how actual markets work than did Adam Smith…”

The disdain for actually checking the predictions is disastrous. One skeptic quoted by Smith:

“even though every organ of 1960’s-era orthodoxy is mortally wounded, the entire body strides vigorously forward. That is a prime reason why, despite the labors of so many clever and right-thinking economic theorists, we are in this mess.”

Smith’s coup de grace is the human factor, something else from which economists mostly avert their eyes:

“If people will be foolish, lazy, or cheat, the certainty, the scientific mantle is nothing but the emperor’s new clothes.”

Hitch the spurious certainty that the “free market” defined in its most extreme form knows best, first to the neo-liberal creed (Chapter 4), and then to policy recommendations (this cozying up of economists and politicians is covered in Chapter 5), and you have a prescription for officially sanctioned thievery on an epic scale.

And lo, that is exactly what happened. If Chapters 1 to 5 give us the theory, 6 to 9 give us the practice.

If for some reason you thought the Crisis was anything brand new, Smith has some vivid older examples of the folly, laziness and cheating of modern financial markets. Unfortunately the long-term lessons to be learned from these episodes seem to have accrued to investment banks – they cover their tracks a little better, these days; and they know that the more you stick to unregulated business, the less likely it is that you will have to answer charges in court.

Of course, the failure to rein in abuses years ago set the stage for the Crisis. Over at Morgan Stanley in 1994 they were busy stitching up Mexican banks with swaps that would blow up in the banks’ faces if the peso declined 20%. Smith quotes Partnoy’s account:

“The banks were already at their legal borrowing limits, but the Cetes swaps permitted them to evade these rules by entering into deals that were the economic equivalent but did not have to be disclosed to regulators or the public at large…Once the banks were bloated and could not eat another bite, it would be easy to bat them down. Then, at the appropriate moment one little nudge would cause the entire obese Mexican banking system to topple like Humpty Dumpty.”

The swaps duly blew up and crippled the banks. There was nothing “illegal” about any of this. It is of course instructive to contrast the pious predictions of the rickety theoretical framework delineated in Chapters 1-5 with the dreary reality of this Mexico episode. Oh, and draw a parallel between the modus operandi of MS in 1994 and the current Greek debt crisis, with particular attention to the role of Goldman Sachs. There is nothing new under the sun.

In the balance of Chapter 6, Smith sets out the relationship between deregulation, structural change in the financial services industry, and an accelerating trend towards MS-style predatory behaviour. By 2000 or so, we are in our modern world: investment banking partnerships, relationship banking, and Glass-Steagall are out; publicly quoted investment banks, one-off deal-driven business, and combined commercial banking and investment banking are in; and the unregulated OTC markets are growing ever larger.

Unfortunately, as Chapter 7 shows us, this new structure has one huge perverse incentive built into it, encapsulated here in a paper of Akerlof and Schiller from 1994:

“Bankruptcy for profit will occur if poor accounting, lax regulation, or low penalties for abuse give owners an incentive to pay themselves more than their firms are worth and then default on their debt obligations.”

This is “looting”. Survey the wreckage of Bear Stearns, Lehman, Fannie and Freddie, AIG, and the large-scale taxpayer support still flowing into the near wrecks of BoA/ML and Citigroup. Then consider the massive level of bonus payments to the management and employees of those firms prior to their demise. That was looting. And in early 2010, of course, with the support of the taxpayer more or less formalized for large firms, the surviving firms have the opportunity to carry out still more looting. And as they have witnessed, as a strategy, it works really well, for them. Expect more looting.

Preparing the grand finale of Chapter 9, Chapter 8 moves another piece of the puzzle into place; that piece is asset booms, and the risk it leads to. The mechanism is simple enough – secured lending against assets that have had a speculative price boom looks like great business, to the simple-minded, while prices are on the way up – more and more credit is available, which funds more and more asset purchases. But of course there is an inevitable day of reckoning when an asset price bust, triggered by some shock or other, exposes the no-longer-secured debts. Well we all know that, from countless historical examples. As you might also expect by now, traditional neoclassical economics has nothing whatever to say about such lethal feedback loops. The boom was boosted, Smith suggests, by international capital flows (still controversial, that) and by the notorious Greenspan Put (pretty much conventional wisdom now, judging by the destination of the recent Dynamite Prize award).

And now we are ready for Chapter 9, where all the malign forces described in the rest of the book converge into one mighty foul-up. Exhibit One is the Shadow Banking System, whose components are: securitization, whereby loans turn into assets; repos, whereby assets are used as security for loans (note that we are now into the dangerous territory sketched out in Chapter 8); and finally, Credit Default Swaps, which guarantee the quality of the loans underlying the assets, and thus the resilience of the repo market; and everything in the garden is lovely. There are still other elements of the shadow banking system: the notorious conduits (a zoo of abbreviations: SPEs, OBS vehicles, SIVs, CDOs); the money market funds. These are all just thinly capitalized banks, totally dependent on capital markets to fund their activities.

But it’s really the description of mid-Noughties repo that made the light bulbs go on for me. Via the repo market, real banks came to resemble shadow banks, more and more; and their fortunes became intertwined; which was very dangerous. In the good old days, repos were a respectable mechanism for managing liquidity by securing lending against high class assets – Treasuries; the highest quality assets of all. But various new myths meant that there was a ready way to satisfy the massive demand for short term funding driven by the rise of hedge funds and OTC derivative trading during the Noughties.

Myth 1: the false security of the Credit Default Swap, which simply substituted the creditworthiness of the swap seller for the creditworthiness of the debt issuer; myth 2: the credit rating bought from agencies by the debt peddlers; myth 3: the “haircut”, propagated by the Basel II regulations, by which all manner of securities could be deemed suitable collateral for repos, subject only to a finger in the air discount, the ‘haircut’.

The BIS (originators of Basel II) cleared its throat discreetly in 2001, warning that a collateral shortage would cause

“appreciable substitution into collateral having relatively higher issuer and liquidity risk.”

…but no-one was listening. Estimates are hard to come by, but the claim that the Shadow Banking System was just as big as the regulated one by 2006 seems plausible: that’s $10 Trillion in old fashioned deposit based banking and the same again in Shadow Banking. But note: you would have to put pretty wide error bars on that number; the whole Shadow Banking System was unregulated, quite invisible to outsiders.

Its fragile structure did catch the eye of the looters, though. Chapter 9 exposes the mechanism by which one market operator set out to profit from the credit boom, and even more, from the bust. I’m afraid you will have to buy your own copy of the book to get the full details. Suffice it to say that it’s an eye-popping story of vandalism-for-profit, with elements wholly familiar from earlier chapters: it’s the Mexico story and others, all over again; but lots bigger. The lazy or hurried may prefer Appendix 2 as a short form summary, but it’s worth reading Chapter 9 to get the full flavour.

It is illuminating indeed to see the events of September ’08 and after as a near-cataclysmic run not so much on traditional banks as on the shadow banking system, as the Credit Default Swaps turned out to have been written by companies that couldn’t honor their promises, the loans turned out to be of dreadful quality, panicked investors pulled their money from the repo market, and there was a monstrous loss of liquid funding, with the undercapitalization of the banks hideously exposed.

Repo is at the very core of the near-collapse of the financial system. It is very striking that there have been few efforts to reregulate repo – of course, the low quality repo market packed up altogether during the crash, so maybe it’s completely invisible again to those bind and amnesiac powers that be. Partly, this sudden disappearance was the result of a buyers’ strike (still seemingly in force at the end of February 2010 – “fool me once”, they must be thinking out there); partly, though, the result of the Fed’s frantic efforts to plug the huge funding gap that had suddenly (and one suspects wholly unexpectedly) appeared. Yes, well, that’s the sort of nasty surprise you get when you don’t exercise oversight. Will the whole precarious mechanism all come back again when the Fed’s programs are finally terminated and the yield curve slope is no longer such an obliging source of riskless profit? One hopes not, but fears it will be so.

We know the immediate consequences of the Crisis; by the miracle of doublethink, the most vocal free market advocates suddenly endorsed epic government intervention, in the name of…ahem…free markets. After the nerve tingling highlights of Chapter 9, the most sobering part of the book is Chapter 10, in which the dismal prospects for reform are discussed. Yves had this part written up, as I recall, by September of last year. With the bonus mill now in full swing again, significant actors in the run-up to the catastrophe still firmly ensconced, bank lobbyists all over Congress, and timid reform proposals further diluted or derailed, it is pretty hard to demur from the author’s prescient gloom of six months ago.

For those with a little fire in their bellies, ECONned ought to be a trigger for whatever form of protest is countenanced by their politics. Go on, have a read: and then, do what you can to help put a stop to some very dangerous nonsense, before it’s too late.

Disclosure: The reviewer was a collaborator of the author; he’s read successive versions of some chapters half a dozen times in the last six months, and is not only alive to tell the tale, but remarkably, continued to enjoy perusing the successively tweaked versions. So, be advised – this may not be an entirely impartial review.

Russia Continues to Build Its Gold Reserves Ahead of the SDR Discussions

Thanks to Dave at Golden Truth for this updated chart.



As you know, Russia, India, China and some of the BRIC-like countries will continue to push hard for a gold and silver content in the new formulation of the SDR this year. The US and UK are vehemently opposed.

Europe is still wallowing in confusion and is virtually leaderless, as the most recent financial crisis in Greece shows. This may not be all bad, because it highlights the weaknesses in their union, and gives them the incentive to take it to the next step.

One cannot have a common currency with uncommon fiscal policies and laws. While there is some room for discretion, it is sorely tried in changing economic conditions and social attitudes. America went through a bloody Civil War for this reason.

This is why a one world currency, except for international trade only and at the discretion of trading partners, is so dangerous. One cannot maintain their sovereign freedom when someone else controls the supply of their money: either you cheat or you submit. All serious economists understand this; too few of the voting public do.

What Will the World Currency Become? The Stakes Are Enormous

And the Winner Is...the SDR?

This is the fallacy of the US dollar as the reserve currency for the world. It 'worked' as even Mr. Greenspan noted, as long as the US dollar was able to demonstrate the objective stability of an external gold standard relative to other currencies. That lasted for a few years, and the rest is foreign policy and currency wars. The time for its replacement is long past. The BRIC's understand this, and are playing their hands accordingly.

If one submits to a single world or regional currency for domestic use, they may as well take their constitutions and individual rights and throw them away. And globalization has been serving as a proxy for this, paving the way.

Gold and Economic Freedom: Did Greenspan Know What He Was Doing? - ZeroHedge

The moves here are slow and subtle, since great nations are involved. I get the impression, though, that most traders are playing checkers at a chess match. Well, that works for the daytrade. But only time will tell what will happen, and when. But sometimes events can break free and move quickly. Best to gather those nickles off the freeway before the rush hour commences.

Or as the man behind the .50 cal would say, 'Git some. Come git some.'

Net Asset Value and Premiums for Certain Precious Metals Trusts and Funds

I have added an estimate of the Sprott Physical Gold Fund.

The discounts on GLD and SLV are signalling some short selling going on as they are expanded above the mean.

The premiums on GTU and CEF indicate some optimism.

In addition, the miners are being hit today with profit taking and possible short selling.

Volatility ahead, and will most likely key off tomorrow's US Non-Farm Payrolls Report



I would not limit this quote below from Orwell to political thinking. I believe it motivates and explains most statements from analysts and economists, and of course, the vast majority of postings on the average internet chatboard. Truth is in short supply, and honest governance is an endangered species. We should all be wary of our own vulnerability to self-deception and the subtle temptations of the offered illusions of the unscrupulous.

In other words, grab something solid and hang on. lol.

"All political thinking for years past has been vitiated in the same way. People can foresee the future only when it coincides with their own wishes,
and the most grossly obvious facts can be ignored when they are unwelcome." George Orwell

Sprott Has Purchased About 9 Tonnes of Gold Bullion This Week

The Sprott Physical Bullion Trust (PHYS) is now holding 286,870 ounces of gold, with a market value of $327,003,510. The estimated net proceeds of their IPO are approximately $390,000,000, possibly higher depending on total fees for the IPO and initial bullion purchases.

They have now purchased 8.923 tonnes of gold bullion since last Friday (at 32,150.746 Troy ounces per metric tonne).

The total units outstanding are 40,000,000 for a Net Asset Value of 9.50 including cash and bullion. With the price of the Trust closing at 9.96 today, it is at about 4.85% premium according to their website.

By way of comparison, the Central Gold Trust (GTU) closed at a premium of 8.2%. This is on the high side, reflecting gold's recent run higher, and a flight to safety over recent concerns regarding sovereign debt. Gold has reached record prices in the euro and the British pound.

It will be interesting if we can see identify the drawdowns in the inventories that sourced this gold, wherever they may be. There are those who contend that the supply is coming from the unallocated inventories of bullion banks who are engaging in a kind of 'fractional reserve' gold selling to their customers.
If Your Gold Is at an LBMA Bank, You May Be Just an Unsecured Creditor by Adrian Douglas.

Let's see if the price of spot holds its levels after this unusual level of bullion purchasing in what is reputed to be a tight market.

Mutual Fund Cash Levels Near Historic Lows

The mutual funds, and those who give them their money to invest, look to be about 'all in' with regard to US equities.

As I recall, the bond funds have decent cash levels, and the piling into short term Treasuries at negative interest rates is certainly a phenomenon.

The hypocrisy and venality of the US financial sector knows no bounds, and they seem to have bought off the guardians of he public trust. The US government desperately needs to sustain confidence and the aura of recovery. They do not need a falling stock market to say the least. And yet, they have to continue funding record levels of debt issuance every month.

A lot of demand for funds, and many of the players close to flat busted.

It may be an interesting year.

SP Futures Daily Chart

The SP needs to break out of this resistance, or risk falling into a trading range, with the potential downside of a broadening top that fails and breaks lower.

The unemployment claims and same store sales tomorrow will provide some input, but the eyes of traders will be on the Non-Farm Payrolls report. I have not worked up any forecasts for it yet, but there was some concern since Larry Summers was talking the number down, based on the northeastern US snowstorms.

Was he calibrating the markets view, or setting it up, in the style of Robert Rubin who like to play the markets this way? We will know in a few days.

The pit traders are looking for an upside move to 1130, and it will take some positive jobs data to get it.

But for now the question is if the rally is consolidating its gains, or weakening for a more serious correction, or even a breakdown. Since it reached our trading objective of a 50% retracement of the big decline, the resistance here is highly significant according to any number of technical schools from Richard Russell's Dow Theory to Fibonacci retracement levels.

England to Sell 3 Year Bonds - In US Dollars

“In the eyes of empire builders men are not men but instruments.” Napoleon Bonaparte

Got Gilts?


Bank of England Plans to Sell 3-Year Bonds in Dollars
By Caroline Hyde and Sonja Cheung
March 02, 2010

March 2 (Bloomberg) -- The Bank of England said it plans to sell three-year bonds in dollars to finance its foreign-exchange reserves.

The U.K. central bank hired Barclays Capital, BNP Paribas SA, Goldman Sachs Group Inc. and JPMorgan Chase & Co. to manage the issue, which will be benchmark in size, it said in a statement. The bank paid 106.2 basis points more than Treasuries when it issued $2 billion of three-year notes in March last year, according to data compiled by Bloomberg.

“The notes will likely receive good investor appetite seeing that it’s a AAA rated name,” said Trevor Welsh, a portfolio manager at London-based Aviva Investors, which manages about 10.5 billion pounds ($14 billion) of fixed-income assets. “This bond sale is purely a technical move for the bank’s foreign currency reserves.”

The Bank of England is seeking to raise funds as confidence in the U.K. currency plummets on concern no party will win an outright majority in a forthcoming general election. The pound weakened 7.6 percent against the dollar this year, the worst performer among the 16 major currencies, as traders bet a new administration won’t be strong enough to reduce the nation’s budget deficit of more than 12 percent.

“It will be interesting to see if investors require a slightly higher spread because of sovereign risk,” Welsh said. “But if so, it won’t be more than a couple of basis points.”

The central bank has issued three-year notes in March every year since 2007 to finance foreign-exchange reserves that support its monetary policy objectives, according to the statement.

"Thy glory, O Israel, is slain upon thy high places! how are the mighty fallen!"

What next. Rupees?

Gold Soars to New Record Highs in Sterling and the Euro

"Gold has traditionally been used as a safe haven in times of economic and political uncertainty, as the metal's intrinsic value is not dependent on any paper currency."

And so it begins...

It will not be easy or straightforward.

New York Times
Gold Hits Record High In Euros, Pound
By Michael Taylor and Jan Harvey
Published: March 2, 2010

NEW YORK (Reuters) - Gold rallied to a six-week high in dollar terms and hit record highs versus the pound and the euro on Tuesday, as uncertainty about Greece's debt and Britain's politics lifted demand for bullion as a hard asset.

Uncertainty over plans to tackle Greece's fiscal crisis and over what the next British election may mean for UK debt have heightened volatility in the European currencies, lifting interest in gold as an alternative asset, analysts said.

"Currency volatility is by far the biggest factor supporting gold on Tuesday," said Frank McGhee, head precious metals trader at Chicago-based Integrated Brokerage Services.

Gold has traditionally been used as a safe haven in times of economic and political uncertainty, as the metal's intrinsic value is not dependent on any paper currency...

Euro-denominated gold hit a record high of 836.72 euros an ounce, up from 823.66 euros late on Monday, while gold priced in sterling touched a record 759.86 pounds an ounce, up from 744.85 pounds.

"Gold denominated in euros has definitely outperformed the drop in euro-dollar by almost 1 percent in the last 10 days," said Mitsubishi Corp precious metals strategist Tom Kendall. "That does reflect some nervousness about stability of sovereign debt, and stability of the euro itself."

The euro rebounded from a 9-1/2-month low against the dollar as investors awaited new plans to address Greece's debt crisis.

Greek Prime Minister George Papandreou said his country was fighting for survival against bankruptcy and urged civil servants and pensioners to accept sacrifices to save the debt-burdened nation.

Fears over the fiscal health of peripheral euro zone economies have weighed heavily on the euro so far this year, knocking it down by more than 5.5 percent against the dollar.

STERLING GOLD HITS HIGH

Sterling-denominated gold rose as the British currency was driven lower by fears that the next UK general election could result in a hung parliament.

That could mean an incoming government would struggle to take the action necessary to reduce debt, analysts said.

"Markets fear the UK government will be forced to create more sterling in order to buy their own government bonds and that quantitative easing and debt monetization may continue for longer than expected," and that could lead to further gains in gold, bullion dealer GoldCore said in a note..."